2.
   2022
/   
  
(  :    )
 : 3     :100
:     -    ,          
                
 -
1.             
2.              
 -
3.              
4.                   
 -
5.           ?
2.
6.     '         '  
-
7.    ,        
8.   (EU)      
   2022
/   
  
(  :    )
 : 3     :100
:     -    ,          
                
 -
1.             
:            
   
                    
     
   ,     ,   
    ,           
2.
       ,   (    ) 
 (      )       
     -          
             ,      
      
  "-  "    
,         ,    , 
  ,  -          
   
     
                
 , 
 
1.         
   ,       ,   
""       
    ,     
        
     ,  
              , 
     ,     '   

2.       
         
     , 
               
 
 ,        ,     ,
         
,      
 , " " -      ,
,     -           ,
         ,       ,
             
3.     
    '               
,     ,       
           ,   
   ,    ,      
2.
 ,             ,  
              
   

4.     -
       
;    -
    '   ,       , 
               
      
 ,    
  ,  ,    
                  
5.       
             , 
            ,  ,    ,
 ,      -       

 ,                ,  

          
     
        
        
       
1.     
   ,                
  - , ,    
    ,
           
2.   
           
   ,
         ,     
                 
    
3.     
2.
               
           
 ,      
,         
  ,   ,         

 
4.    
     
  ,       

             ,  
    ,      ,   
     
      ,      
  
5.     
           ,    , -
 ,           
 ,           ,     '  
'    ,              
 
6.    
                     
        ,  ,  ,   
        
        
 ,   
    
7. -      
     
 -     -
, -  (...),    ,        
       
 ,         ,    
     
2.

   ,             
                  
 
           ,      
       
     ,        
   
   ,         
   ,  , ,           

            
  
       '         
 -                 
     
2.              
:         -    
                 
                 -
           (       
)     '  ,    ,  
    
1.     
 
      :
  (   ):         
'  
 ( ):     ,      

 (17
):      ,     
      
  ,         :
       
 
2.
    (    
)
  ,   '         
,    ,     
2.      
  :           

-  :     '    
 :            

 
  :     
  (    ), 
        ,      
3.       
  :           
  
   :,         '
 
  '   :          
      
 :              
4.     
    ,          :
     :           
,      
-      :    '  , 
, -        
   :   ,     
      
  
    :,          
 
   -   
       : ,   
       
       
   
5.     
    :         
      ():      
  '  
2.
-    :      
  
6.    
      
:
   (   - , - )   

 
         
         ,     
         
    , -, 
           
7.   
  ,          ,  
                
            -
    ,    ,        
 

          
  
                
         
   , 
 , - ,              
         
 -
3.              
:             
           ,       

        ,         
      
    -        -  
         ,         
  
2.
     ,     " "  
             
 ,   , 
       ,         '
            ,   
    
            
               '   
  
          
    
     '          :   (  
 )    (    
     
)
1. 
          
      
, ,  ,  ,           
 ,            
  ,           '    
    '       ,    '  
   
,         ,  ,   
       
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  ,         
 ,   
     
2.  
, , ,             
 
             
  
 ,        '         

       
2.
     
          
          
,      
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔 ,        -          
 
3.  
            ,      
     
,           '   ,
           ,    
        
       '           
          
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔 ,           
4.   
              
     , ,         
  
                 
             

,        
   ,    '       
    
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔    ,           
5.   
       
     
  
        -        
2.
        
     , ,
      
,       
   
   
       
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔    -             
   
6.     
                  
        '    
        ,  , ,    
  
   '               
    
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔       
7.      
    ,         
  
 ,         
 
                 
  ,         
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔          -      
  
8.     
     ,      
      
           ,      
       ,        
2.
 ,             
 
 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔            
   '   
      ,            
   
1.   
     
  ,       
            
2.   
-   , ,        
       
 
3.   
, ,      '         
      '     
 
4.      
                ,    
                 
 
5.    ' 
       ,      - 
 , , 
    '        
6.     
   ,            
7.   
2.
     
      '    
       '     

     ' 
 , , , ,  ,
,       '         
    -      ,       
   ,   ,  ,       
       
      

        ,      '     
, 
  ,        '    
               ,  
     ,           
4.                   
:            
              ,   1945  
         1990           
        
,   , ,  
          '  ,   
     
1.     
()     
   ,        
    , - ,  -   
              , 
  
         
()       
     ,            
,  ,             
2.
      (        ) 
    
(c)      
      '           ,   
        (MAD)          ,
   
()   
  ,     (   )    (  
)      ,        (1949)   
(1955)          
(e)      
       '         ,
,      '   ,      
      
2.     
(a)    
         -   :
      
            ,  
  
()         
                
       (1962)        
  
(c)        
,               
        
        
  
()     
2.
           ,    
      
  (,  )      
            , 
      
(e)      '  
        ,     
        ,      
   ,      
 
(f)    (NAM)  
,               , 
 NAM             ,  
          
(g)   
              
    ,         
(h)   
1980     ,  ,   (, ), 
        1991  ,    ,   
         
3.   
   :
o   ( , )
o          
o   
     
   :
o     
o   '        
o           
o        
4. 
2.
           ,     
          -   ,    ,
        
 -
5.           ?
:,       ""       
 ,   ,  ,          
      
           ,
              
 
20
    21
    ,       
   1991         ,  ,     '
                , 
        ,         
,    ,        -      
       '             
      ' 
   
                       
 ,         ,    '  
           1978        
,     ,      ,    

,                " 
"    
              
               
     (BRI)        
 
,  ,        , ,   
                   ,
               
        
2.
          '   
 
 
      

;        
                
            ,  ,     
          
               '
              

                
, 
    
 
               5G  , -
,              
            
     
        
                 
  
   
             ,   
             ,    
   (AIIB)      ,         
    
  ,             
  ,            ' 
                 
  
   
     ,         
  
        
,         , -       
,        '      
2.
,                  
,     ,          

,                   
 '               
 
   ,         , ,  
                
 
          '       
    ?
           ,        
       -         
      ,       
      
 
   ,     ,     ,   
               

,        ?          

       ,  ,   ,   
   ,               
            
,            -        , 
              
       ,         
 
          , 
  
    -             ,
       
2.
6.     '         '  
:  - ,    
               , -
 ,  ,            
  '  ,    ,       
        
1.    
   ,     -   ,     ,
,  ,           ,  
  -      '     '   ,   
 ,     '   
      :
  :       
      
    
       :   
;  ,  
     
-   :           
 (   -, ),  -    
 :       ,    
     ,         
  :            
,      '  
 
  ,       
 -    ,   
  
    
2.     
       
        
 :
()    
    '  :         
   
     :     
   
  :           

2.
()  -  
   :          
 
  :            
   :        
 
()        
  :         
 
    :              
()    
   :        
   
     :          
      
(e)       
               
         
 ,     ,       
  
3.    
            :
(a)    
   
        
        
()   
    
 ,     ' 

 
       '   
   ,          
2.
()  
   -        
   '   
 
        
 
()   
        ,        
         
 
         
(e)   
          , 
    '    
   
 
        
    (  ,        )
  ,      '    -  , ,  
   
4.   
          '     ,       
  :
  :       
        
 :             ' 

 
  :,       ,  
 
  
 :   ,        
,           
5. 
   , -          
         , - ,
               -  
,   ,      
2.
-
7.    ,        
:    (UN)            
                 '
        ,          
    ,   ,   ,          
  "  "     
     '
             
   
            , 193  ,   
                 

 
     '       
       " ,  "       
      
  ,         
,                    
        
       
    
            ,      
 ,
             '  ,  
,        
         ,       
           -     
    ,  -        
     
         ,        
 ,        ,  ,  ,    
    '            
         
 
   
2.
              
,  
        '  ,   ,   
  
1. -     
               , ,
   , ,           ' 
              
  
      '    '  
,      
           '   ,    
   
2.   
                
                
             

 
3.  
      
 ,       

                
                
       
4.  
            
    
 - ,          (
  )              '  
 -    
5.        
                 
    -   -       
   
2.
        ,    '      
            ,     
         " "   ,      
 '      
    ,             ,   
         ,     24   
   
  
      
      -     
,  ,       -  -     
            
,           
   ,
                '

 
  
         ,  '   '        
            ,  
 ,
              
      
   
                
          ,      
        
   
                   
 '      ,        ,  
 '      
   ,    ,         '
                 , 
    -    
2.
,         
    
,  
                 , 
          

   ,               
     
 ,      
    
 ,      
   
          
     
     
 ,    
       ,     
 ,            
 
      
         ,  
         
8.   (EU)      
:    (EU)
  (EU)            
             
 ,    
      -         EU
 ,   ,  ,        
 
1.    
  :     
  27     

   :    '    (), 
     (-)      
    :           
,  ,                
   
 :     ,      
       - , ,    
2.
2.      
      ,   -    :
()  
       '  
      
          
              
()  
         
          
  
       
(c)     ( )
       
        
  ,             
()  
    
    , EU     ,      
 
       ' EU    
(e)      (CJEU)
  
                 
    
        
       

(f)    (ECB)
        
      
 
(g)    
EU       
2.
  
   EU           
3.       
     ,         :
    (EEAS):      
   (EIB):       
 :  ,       '  
4.    
 :        
 
 : ,   ,    (" ")  
    
 :20        
 :            
      : ,  ,     
    
5.      
   :             
  :   ' ,        
 
   :    ,       

  :            , 
   
  :               
  
6.     
   :            

    :          
 
   :           

:2020            
 : ,    ,  -   
     
2.
7. 
             

     - , , ,     -    
 ,            
   :             ,    
 ,               ,
      
         
 
"                 
 
          ,         
 "